Aarry

                                                                                 ARRAY

An array is a collection of similar type of data item and each data item is called an element of the array.

Declaration of Array:

Like other simple variable, array should be declared before they are used in the program. The syntax for declaration of an array is :

                                              Data_type    array_name[size];

Like int age[90];

Float salary [13];

Char grade[20];

Accessing 1-D array element

The element of an array can be accessed by specifying the array name followed by subscript in brackets.

Let us take an array  :  int arr[5];

The element of this array are: arr[0],arr[1],arr[2],arr[3],arr[4].

Here 0 is lower bound and 4 is  upper bound.

e.g:

 #include<stdio.h>

  int main()

{

  int a[5];

   printf(“size of array:%d\n”,sizeof(a));

   return 0;

}

OUTPUT:20

Note-worthy point regarding array:

·         If size of array is n l.e a[n] and we supply less than size of array then remaining data would be zero.

·         If array is initialized then to give size of array is optional.

Processing  1-D arrays:

1.       Reading values in arr

For(i=0;i<10;i++)

  Scanf(“%d”,&arr[i]);

2.       Displaying value of arr:

for(i=0;i<10;i++)

   printf(“%d”,arr[i]);

Lets see an example on this:

  #include<stdio.h>

   Int main(void)

    {

      Int arr[5],I;

      For(i=0;i<5;i++)

       {

         Printf(“enter the number:”);

         Scanf(“%d”,&arr[i]);

       }

 Printf(“You have entered:”);

  For(i=0;i<5;i++)

  {

   Printf(“%d\t”,arr[i]);

  }

}

Two dimentional array:

The syntax of 2-D array is :

  Data_type   array_name[row_size][column_size]

Here row_size specifies the number of row where as column_size specifies the number of column.

Lets see the example:

Add two matrix of order 3*3

#include<stdio.h>

Int main()

{

  Int a[3][3], I,j,b[3][3],c[3][3];

For(i=0;i<3;i++)

 {

   For(j=0;j<3;j++)

    {

     Scanf(“%d”,&a[i][j]);

    }

}

Printf(“enter second matrix\n:”);

  For(i=0;i<3;i++) 

  {

   For(j=0;j<3;j++)

    {

     Scanf(“%d”,&b[i][j]);

    }

}

///addition of two entered matrix is happening here

For(i=0;i<3;i++)

 {

   For(j=0;j<3;j++)

   {

   C[i][j]=a[i][j]+b[i][j];

   }

}

///displaying…

For(i=0;i<3;i++)

  {

   For(j=0;j<3;j++)

    {

      Printf(“%d\t”,c[i][j]);

    }

   Printf(“\n”);

  }

}//main close here